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If you’re unsure what is included in the admixture itself, you may want to avoid this solution entirely. Generally, it’s best to err on the side of caution with admixtures. Admixtures: An admixture’s bond and strength can increase the possibility of efflorescence with building material.Clay may react with common building salts like calcium sulfate that result in efflorescence. Clay: Building brick and face brick consist of clay, which contains salts that are highly soluble.For building projects, it’s best to use sand that’s been cleaned and is contamination-free to help minimize the chance of efflorescence developing.
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On the other hand, other materials can contaminate sand, which ends up contributing to efflorescence. Sand: Sand is used in grout and mortar and isn’t water-soluble.The calcium chloride is what may surface through a building’s material. Comparatively, lime can help improve bonds between mortar and brick and make masonry materials more water-resistant. Lime: Lime is a water-soluble material that produces calcium chloride when it reacts with unbuffered hydrochloric acid.Conversely, it is important to note that all types of cement contain some amount of water-soluble alkalis, making any cement vulnerable to efflorescence. It is high in alkalis and is more likely to effloresce than other types of cement. Cement: Portland cement used in mortar and grout highly contributes to efflorescence in these materials, according to the Brick Industry Association (BIA).If you notice a powdery, white material on the brick, it likely has effloresced. Let the brick dry after the seven days and compare it to a brick that was not immersed. To determine whether efflorescence will be a problem for your brick, take a single brick and immerse it in distilled water for approximately seven days. Brick: Since it is porous, brick may absorb soluble salts.Efflorescence is a white, powdery substance that can be found on unsealed surfaces, including: Stains usually come in various colors but may appear similar to efflorescence at first. Understanding the differences between efflorescence and stains is critical. However, efflorescence can still occur in spring, fall and summer. It usually escalates in winter, since rain, snow, sleet and other inclement weather conditions may arise. Materials being stored improperly or left on the ground.Įfflorescence is often a seasonal problem, and humidity will impact whether soluble salts appear.Joint materials failing after installation.Installing masonry without an efficient barrier for moisture.Failing to provide sufficient ventilation for masonry.Using through-wall flashings incorrectly.It is essential for masonry units to be covered and left in pallets to minimize the risk of efflorescence throughout a construction project.Įfflorescence can also occur when building materials are installed incorrectly or problems occur with the installation. If masonry units get left out overnight during construction, they’ll likely absorb moisture from damp soil and rain. In many instances, efflorescence may occur during home construction. Secondary efflorescence is a result of outside moisture pulling the salt out of the building material. Primary efflorescence usually occurs within the first 72 hours of the building material being used, appearing due to excess water being present when the material was manufactured. Essentially, it can either be a problem from the beginning of a building’s construction, or the process can occur over time. Condensation, groundwater wicking and interior activities also may affect the degree of moisture generation.Įfflorescence can happen at different times. Water, rain and snow are the primary sources of moisture and may impact the degree of efflorescence. This makes the salts crystallize, which results in efflorescence. As salts move to the material’s surface, the moisture evaporates.Moisture is present to make the salt become a soluble solution.There are water-soluble salts in or on the material.You may notice efflorescence both indoors and outside, and it can vary in frequency and intensity throughout the country due to moisture and temperature. Three conditions need to exist for efflorescence to occur: Purchase Gator Efflorescence Cleaner What Causes Efflorescence? Let’s take a closer look at efflorescence and what you can do to help prevent it.